Ecological tourism or ecotourism is a new touristic trend, different from traditional tourism by its focus on activities in which sustainability, preservation, and the appreciation of natural and cultural environments are the protagonists. It promotes the well-being of the local people, reflected in the way the companies dedicated to these services work.
The International Ecotourism Society (TIES) defines ecotourism as: “responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment, sustains the well-being of the local people, and involves interpretation and education”. True ecotourism must follow these seven principles, both for those who offer these services and its beneficiaries:
- Minimize the activities’ negative impacts on the environment and the community
- Build environmental and cultural awareness and respect
- Provide positive experiences for both visitors and hosts
- Provide direct financial benefits for conservation
- Provide financial benefits and strengthen the local community’s participation in decision-making
- Raise sensitivity to host countries’ political, environmental and social climates
- Support human rights and labour laws